GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change

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GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change – Step-by-Step Guide

The first step before starting to write the GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change, it is essential to understand the requirements of the assignment. The first step is to read the assignment prompt carefully to identify the topic, the length and format requirements. You should go through the rubric provided so that you can understand what is needed to score the maximum points for each part of the assignment. 

It is also important to identify the audience of the paper and its purpose so that it can help you determine the tone and style to use throughout. You can then create a timeline to help you complete each stage of the paper, such as conducting research, writing the paper, and revising it to avoid last-minute stress before the deadline. After identifying the formatting style to be applied to the paper, such as APA, you should review its use, such as writing citations and referencing the resources used. You should also review how to format the title page and the headings in the paper.

How to Research and Prepare for GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change

The next step in preparing for your paper is to conduct research and identify the best sources to use to support your arguments. Identify the list of keywords from your topic using different combinations. The first step is to visit the university library and search through its database using the important keywords related to your topic. You can also find books, peer-reviewed articles, and credible sources for your topic from PubMed, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. Ensure that you select the references that have been published in the last words and go through each to check for credibility. Ensure that you obtain the references in the required format, for example, in APA, so that you can save time when creating the final reference list. 

You can also group the references according to their themes that align with the outline of the paper. Go through each reference for its content and summarize the key concepts, arguments and findings for each source. You can write down your reflections on how each reference connects to the topic you are researching about. After the above steps, you can develop a strong thesis that is clear, concise and arguable. Next you should create a detailed outline of the paper so that it can help you to create headings and subheadings to be used in the paper. Ensure that you plan what point will go into each paragraph.

How to Write the Introduction for GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change

The introduction of the paper is the most crucial part as it helps to provide the context of your work, and will determine if the reader will be interested to read through to the end. You should start with a hook, which will help capture the reader’s attention. You should contextualize the topic by offering the reader a concise overview of the topic you are writing about so that they may understand its importance. You should state what you aim to achieve with the paper. The last part of the introduction should be your thesis statement, which provides the main argument of the paper.

How to Write the Body for GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change

The body of the paper helps you to present your arguments and evidence to support your claims. You can use headings and subheadings developed in the paper’s outline to guide you on how to organize the body. Start each paragraph with a topic sentence to help the reader know what point you will be discussing in that paragraph. Support your claims using the evidence conducted from the research, ensure that you cite each source properly using in-text citations. You should analyze the evidence presented and explain its significance and how it connects to the thesis statement. You should maintain a logical flow between each paragraph by using transition words and a flow of ideas.

How to Write the In-text Citations for GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change

In-text citations help the reader to give credit to the authors of the references they have used in their works. All ideas that have been borrowed from references, any statistics and direct quotes must be referenced properly. The name and date of publication of the paper should be included when writing an in-text citation. For example, in APA, after stating the information, you can put an in-text citation after the end of the sentence, such as (Smith, 2021). If you are quoting directly from a source, include the page number in the citation, for example (Smith, 2021, p. 15). Remember to also include a corresponding reference list at the end of your paper that provides full details of each source cited in your text. An example paragraph highlighting the use of in-text citations is as below:

The integration of technology in nursing practice has significantly transformed patient care and improved health outcomes. According to Smith (2021), the use of electronic health records (EHRs) has streamlined communication among healthcare providers, allowing for more coordinated and efficient care delivery. Furthermore, Johnson and Brown (2020) highlight that telehealth services have expanded access to care, particularly for patients in rural areas, thereby reducing barriers to treatment.

How to Write the Conclusion for GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change

When writing the conclusion of the paper, start by restarting your thesis, which helps remind the reader what your paper is about. Summarize the key points of the paper, by restating them. Discuss the implications of your findings and your arguments. End with a call to action that leaves a lasting impact on the reader or recommendations.

How to Format the Reference List for GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change

The reference helps provide the reader with the complete details of the sources you cited in the paper. The reference list should start with the title “References” on a new page. It should be aligned center and bolded, in sentence sentence care. The references should be organized in an ascending order alphabetically and each should have a hanging indent. If a source has no author, it should be alphabetized by the title of the work, ignoring any initial articles such as “A,” “An,” or “The.” If you have multiple works by the same author, list them in chronological order, starting with the earliest publication. 

Each reference entry should include specific elements depending on the type of source. For books, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the book in italics, the edition (if applicable), and the publisher’s name. For journal articles, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the article (not italicized), the title of the journal in italics, the volume number in italics, the issue number in parentheses (if applicable), and the page range of the article. For online sources, include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) or the URL at the end of the reference. An example reference list is as follows:

References

Johnson, L. M., & Brown, R. T. (2020). The role of telehealth in improving patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 35(2), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000456

Smith, J. A. (2021). The impact of technology on nursing practice. Health Press.

GCU NUR-590 Topic 3: Theoretical Framework and Models for Change Instructions

Objectives:

  1. Apply a change model or framework to the evidence-based practice project proposal.
  2. Describe the relationship between bias and a framework or model.

Topic 3 DQ 1

Discuss the significance of frameworks or models in guiding research or evidence-based practice projects. How can choosing an incorrect framework or model create bias in research?

Example DQ Response

Research studies are systematic and objective and thus follow a specific structure that informs their design, population of interest, and data collection and analysis and information dissemination processes. Evidence-based practices are also systematic, and their implementation is an organized, complex, and resource-intensive process that requires precision to prevent resource wastage and enhance their success. These processes could benefit from change frameworks or models.

Models and frameworks are integral in evidence-based practice because they give a solid, evidence-based path for action (Speroni et al., 2020). Change models help researchers maintain focus on the project/research and its objectives and prevent deviations from these objectives. They assist with decision-making as they categorize the changes depending on the theory used.

The frameworks provide precision in decision-making and help with precision as they outline assistive steps that help implement change or carry out interventions (Fineout-Overholt, 2022). They also simplify the complex change process hence their significance. Their reliability is grounded on advanced research and experience backing these theories.

Selecting the wrong change framework has various implications in research and can lead to biased results. It makes meeting the set objectives and the desired outcomes challenging (Nilsen, 2020). Biases such as selection bias occur when the wrong framework is selected. It alters research implementation and data collection, analysis, and dissemination.

Nilsen (2020) notes that selecting the wrong framework makes reading and understanding research difficult because they do not resonate. The research findings are thus often weak and hardly usable due to the mismatch in the concepts in the research and the theory or framework. Thus, selecting the suitable model or framework impacts the results and quality of outcomes.  

References

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2022). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Nilsen, P. (2020). Overview of theories, models, and frameworks in implementation science. In Handbook on implementation science (pp. 8-31). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788975995.00008

Speroni, K. G., McLaughlin, M. K., & Friesen, M. A. (2020). Use of Evidence‐based practice models and research findings in Magnet‐Designated hospitals across the United States: national survey results. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 17(2), 98-107. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12428

Topic 3 DQ 2

Review the different models and frameworks that can be used to facilitate change. Compare two and explain which is best for your evidence-based practice proposal and why. Provide rationale. Check NUR-590 Topic 5 Evidence-Based Practice Implementation Plan.

Example DQ Answer

Various change management models can be used. These models include the IOWA model, Lewin’s 3-stage change theory, McKinsey 7-S, Kotter’s 8 Steps, Nudge theory, Settlers, and the ARCC model. Some models, such as the IOWA, are suited for implementing evidence-based practice, while others, such as the McKinsey 7-s, are suitable for implementing and testing new practices. This essay reviews two change models and selects one for this project.

The Two change models of interest are the IOWA model and Kurt Lewin’s change theory. The theories selected are based on the fact that the project is implementing an evidence-based healthcare practice. The IOWA model, developed in 2015, aims to implement evidence-based practices.

The project guides the project managers to implement evidence-based practices, unlike Lewin’s change theory which focuses on overall organizational changes, including evidence-based practices (Hussain et al., 2018). Kurt Lewin’s theory focuses more on preventing and managing change resistance, while the IOWA model focuses on developing evidence-based practices and implementing and evaluating them.

Speroni et al. (2020) note that the IOWA model is complex and is one of the most applied change models in healthcare to implement evidence-based practices. The IOWA model contains pilot testing in one of its steps. However, Lewin’s theory only implies its possible use, making Lewin’s theory suitable for changes that do not require a pilot study (Collaborative et al., 2017). These two models are widely applied in healthcare to lead change and implement evidence-based practices.

The best model for the change model is Lewin’s change management model. Most of the project’s interventions and validation as an evidence-based project are complete; hence, the model will be vital in implementing and evaluating the EBP. The research in earlier assignments revealed that BMCA is a hardly implemented technology, and some of the reasons include nurses;’ lack of knowledge (Bedot et al., 2019).

The project’s main aim is to ensure BMCA technology is implemented with optimal resource use, is accepted, faces less resistance, and is embedded in the organizational culture to cement its effectiveness. The model will help evaluate the EBP before its implementation and guide it to achieve the desired results.

References

Berdot, S., Boussadi, A., Vilfaillot, A., Depoisson, M., Guihaire, C., Durieux, P., Le Maï, L. M., & Sabatier, B. (2019). Integration of a commercial barcode-assisted medication dispensing system in a teaching hospital. Applied clinical informatics, 10(04), 615-624. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1694749

Collaborative, I. M., Buckwalter, K. C., Cullen, L., Hanrahan, K., Kleiber, C., McCarthy, A. M., Rakel, B., Steelman, V., Tripp-Reimer, T., & Tucker, S. (2017). Iowa model of evidence-based practice: Revisions and validation. Worldviews on evidence-based nursing, 14(3), 175-182. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12223

Hussain, S. T., Lei, S., Akram, T., Haider, M. J., Hussain, S. H., & Ali, M. (2018). Kurt Lewin’s change model: A critical review of the role of leadership and employee involvement in organizational change. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 3(3), 123-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2016.07.002

Speroni, K. G., McLaughlin, M. K., & Friesen, M. A. (2020). Use of Evidence‐based practice models and research findings in Magnet‐Designated hospitals across the United States: national survey results. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 17(2), 98-107. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12428