NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health

NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health – Step-by-Step Guide With Example Solution

The first step before starting to write the NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health is to understand the requirements of the assignment. The first step is to read the assignment prompt carefully to identify the topic, the length and format requirements. You should go through the rubric provided so that you can understand what is needed to score the maximum points for each part of the assignment. 

It is also important to identify the paper’s audience and purpose, as this will help you determine the tone and style to use throughout. You can then create a timeline to help you complete each stage of the paper, such as conducting research, writing the paper, and revising it to avoid last-minute stress before the deadline. After identifying the formatting style to be applied to the paper, such as APA, review its use, including writing citations and referencing the resources used. You should also review the formatting requirements for the title page and headings in the paper, as outlined by Chamberlain University.

How to Research and Prepare for NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health

The next step in preparing for your paper is to conduct research and identify the best sources to use to support your arguments. Identify a list of keywords related to your topic using various combinations. The first step is to visit the Chamberlain University library and search through its database using the important keywords related to your topic. You can also find books, peer-reviewed articles, and credible sources for your topic from the Chamberlain University Library, PubMed, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. Ensure that you select the references that have been published in the last 5 years and go through each to check for credibility. Ensure that you obtain the references in the required format, such as APA, so that you can save time when creating the final reference list. 

You can also group the references according to their themes that align with the outline of the paper. Go through each reference for its content and summarize the key concepts, arguments and findings for each source. You can write down your reflections on how each reference connects to the topic you are researching. After the above steps, you can develop a strong thesis that is clear, concise and arguable. Next, create a detailed outline of the paper to help you develop headings and subheadings for the content. Ensure that you plan what point will go into each paragraph.

How to Write the Introduction for NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health

The introduction of the paper is the most crucial part, as it helps provide the context of your work and determines whether the reader will be interested in reading through to the end. Begin with a hook, which will help capture the reader’s attention. You should contextualize the topic by offering the reader a concise overview of the topic you are writing about so that they may understand its importance. You should state what you aim to achieve with the paper. The last part of the introduction should be your thesis statement, which provides the main argument of the paper.

How to Write the Body for NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health

The body of the paper helps you to present your arguments and evidence to support your claims. You can use headings and subheadings developed in the paper’s outline to guide you on how to organize the body. Start each paragraph with a topic sentence to help the reader know what point you will be discussing in that paragraph. Support your claims using the evidence collected from the research, and ensure that you cite each source properly using in-text citations. You should analyze the evidence presented and explain its significance, as well as how it relates to the thesis statement. You should maintain a logical flow between paragraphs by using transition words and a flow of ideas.

How to Write the In-text Citations for NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health

In-text citations help readers give credit to the authors of the references they have used in their work. All ideas that have been borrowed from references, any statistics and direct quotes must be referenced properly. The name and date of publication of the paper should be included when writing an in-text citation. For example, in APA, after stating the information, you can put an in-text citation after the end of the sentence, such as (Smith, 2021). If you are quoting directly from a source, include the page number in the citation, for example (Smith, 2021, p. 15). Remember to also include a corresponding reference list at the end of your paper that provides full details of each source cited in your text. An example paragraph highlighting the use of in-text citations is as below:

“The integration of technology in nursing practice has significantly transformed patient care and improved health outcomes. According to Morelli et al. (2024), the use of electronic health records (EHRs) has streamlined communication among healthcare providers, allowing for more coordinated and efficient care delivery. Furthermore, Alawiye (2024) highlights that telehealth services have expanded access to care, particularly for patients in rural areas, thereby reducing barriers to treatment.”

How to Write the Conclusion for NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health

When writing the conclusion of the paper, start by restating your thesis, which helps remind the reader what your paper is about. Summarize the key points of the paper by restating them. Discuss the implications of your findings and your arguments. Conclude with a call to action that leaves a lasting impression on the reader or offers recommendations.

How to Format the Reference List for NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health

The reference helps provide the reader with the complete details of the sources you cited in the paper. The reference list should start with the title “References” on a new page. It should be aligned center and bolded. The references should be organized in an ascending order alphabetically, and each should have a hanging indent. If a source has no author, it should be alphabetized by the title of the work, ignoring any initial articles such as “A,” “An,” or “The.” If you have multiple works by the same author, list them in chronological order, starting with the earliest publication. 

Each reference entry should include specific elements depending on the type of source. For books, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the book in italics, the edition (if applicable), and the publisher’s name. For journal articles, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the article (not italicized), the title of the journal in italics, the volume number in italics, the issue number in parentheses (if applicable), and the page range of the article. For online sources, include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) or the URL at the end of the reference. An example reference list is as follows:

References

Morelli, S., Daniele, C., D’Avenio, G., Grigioni, M., & Giansanti, D. (2024). Optimizing telehealth: Leveraging Key Performance Indicators for enhanced telehealth and digital healthcare outcomes (Telemechron Study). Healthcare, 12(13), 1319. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12131319

Alawiye, T. (2024). The impact of digital technology on healthcare delivery and patient outcomes. E-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks, 13, 13-22. 10.4236/etsn.2024.132002.

NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health Instructions

Purpose

The purpose of this discussion is to evaluate strategies to address your selected population health practice problem to reduce health disparities. Have a look at NR717 FEMA Emergency Management Course Help. 

Instructions

1. Compose a brief statement introducing the selected practice problem (to remind readers of your selected topic).
2. Summarize a related Healthy People 2030 Goal that applies to your selected population and health issue.
   • Link (website): Healthy People 2030
3. Propose one evidence-based intervention to address the Healthy People 2030 goal. You may use the same study from Week 3 if it aligns with the selected Healthy People 2030 goal, or you may select another evidence-based intervention after reviewing the literature.
4. Describe how you would determine if your evidence-based intervention was efficient, effective, and efficacious. Each of the 3 E’s must be addressed.

Please click on the following link to review the DNP Discussion Guidelines on the Student Resource Center program page:

• Link (webpage): DNP Discussion Guidelines.

Program Competencies

This discussion enables the student to meet the following program competencies:

1. Analyzes health care policies to advocate for equitable health care and social justice to all populations and those at risk due to social determinants of health. (POs 2, 9)

1. Translates a synthesis of research and population data to support preventative care and improve the nation’s health. (PO 1)

1. Leads others in professional identity, advanced clinical judgment, systems thinking, resilience, and accountability in selecting, implementing, and evaluating clinical care. (PO 1)

Course Outcomes

This discussion enables the student to meet the following course outcomes:

1. Synthesize ethical and legal principles to advocate for value-based, equitable, and ethical health policies at the micro, meso, and macrosystem levels. (PC 5; PO 9)

1. Formulate strategies for providing culturally relevant and high-quality healthcare to vulnerable and high-risk populations to address social injustice and health inequities. (PCs 7, 8; PO 1)

NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health Example

The practice problem I have selected for this course is the health topic of type 2 diabetes in the Hispanic/Latino population in the town of Hialeah, Florida. This topic is interesting to me as the issue of type 2 diabetes affects so many Americans, including within my family. CDC (2022) states that 37.3 million Americans have diabetes, and 1 in 5 do not know they have the disease. Additionally, statistics of those with prediabetes were listed as 96 million in the United States.

A related Healthy People 2030 Goal that applies to my selected Hispanic/Latino population and the issue of type 2 diabetes is that of “reducing the burden of diabetes and improving quality of life for all people who have, or are at risk for, diabetes (OASH, n.d.).  In addition to the statistics provided by the CDC. OASH (n.d.) goes on to add that diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the US. Racial and ethnic minorities are more likely to have diabetes, such as the Hispanic/Latino population in Hialeah, Florida. The goal also includes the risk of undertreated or untreated diabetes, such as leg or foot amputation, vision loss, and kidney damage.

Interventions to improve health, such as regular physical activity and weight loss, may reduce the severity or likelihood of disease onset. The current status of the Health People 2030 goal of reducing the burden of diabetes shows that while some data has not had time for adequate collection, areas that have had little to no change is that of formal education for those with the disease, daily blood glucose monitoring, and that the proportion of the adults with diabetes receiving a yearly eye exam has gotten worse. Improvements were listed for those on Medicare who get testing done to monitor their kidneys and urinary albumin levels (OASH, n.d.).

One evidence-based intervention to address the Healthy People 2030 goal of reducing the burden of diabetes and improving the quality of life for all who have or are at risk for the disease is to advocate for education for those who are diagnosed with, or who are at risk for developing type 2 diabetes, in the Hialeah, Florida area. A previous intervention introduced last week involved the development of an application delivered via cell phone or tablet, built in collaboration with key stakeholders from the Hialeah area, including community members, to incorporate their voice. The application would be designed with the specific population of Hialeah in mind, which is primarily Spanish-speaking, and would consider diet suggestions that are culturally appropriate to help individuals accept and adopt the suggested dietary changes. 

Cunff (2020) describes the three E’s of efficacy, effectiveness, and efficiency as terms used to evaluate if the planned intervention is likely to result in a desired outcome. The author summarized that efficacy means getting things done, effectiveness means doing the right things, and efficiency means doing things right. For efficacy, the question is whether implementing the app for diabetes education can achieve the desired result of providing education to those with type 2 diabetes or those at risk for the disease. A free and widely accessible application meets the criteria for efficacy.

The effectiveness of the application used to deliver education would be evaluated through formative and summative evaluation data gathered throughout the application’s startup, duration of use, and at the end of the education, using a survey tool linked within the application. The author describes efficiency as coming after effectiveness is evaluated to determine how the intervention can be made more efficient. Comparing the inputs to the output of the effectiveness would help provide the information needed to evaluate the effectiveness and identify the need for improvements or revisions to the application’s design, the information contained within the application, and whether it would be meaningful to public health to continue in the long term.

References

CDC. (2022, October 25). By the numbers: Diabetes in America. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/health-equity/diabetes-by-the-numbers.html.

Cunff, A. L. (2020, December 8). The difference between efficacy, effectiveness, and efficiency. Ness Labs. https://nesslabs.com/efficacy-effectiveness-efficiency.

OASH. (n.d.). Diabetes. Home of the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion – health.gov. https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/diabetes.

NR717 Week 4 Discussion | Evaluation Processes in Population Health Example 2

Evaluation Processes in Population Health

Brief statement introducing the selected practice problem

African Americans in Jackson, Mississippi, are at a high risk of developing preventable illnesses such as hypertension and heart disease because of different social determinants of health. Such factors include unemployment, low educational achievement and poverty, among others. The selected practice problem is health disparities among this population, which, if resolved, can help them enjoy optimal health.

A related Healthy People 2030 Goal that applies to your selected population and health issue.

The Healthy People 2030 goal related to addressing African American issues in solving health disparities is the elimination of health disparities, achieving health equity, and promoting health awareness to improve the health of all individuals (USDoHHS, 2021). If health inequities are resolved and care is given to all deserving populations, all people will achieve optimal health. There would not be any significant variations in disease mortality and morbidity among the different populations and races.

One evidence-based intervention to address the Healthy People 2030 goal.

For healthcare workers to address the health disparities existing in the chosen population, educating individuals on relevant health issues that affect them is essential. Individuals with knowledge and understanding of the dynamics surrounding disease development can make informed decisions to maintain their health (Carey et al., 2021). For instance, they can engage in lifestyle modifications like physical exercise and eating a healthy diet to prevent obesity, leading to a decrease in the predisposition to heart disease and hypertension.

How to determine if your evidence-based intervention was efficient, effective, and efficacious. Each of the 3 E’s is addressed.

Efficacy is the ability of the implemented effort to produce the desired result. Randomized controlled trials can be employed among the target population to assess whether they impact the reduction in health disparities observed among African Americans in Jackson. There should be a reduction in the prevalence of the diseases caused by health disparities common among this population. The effectiveness of a healthcare program is measured by the degree to which it improves patient outcomes based on available scientific data (Brusco & Frawley, 2019). This will be determined by collecting feedback from study participants on their health after implementing the recommended lifestyle changes.

The effectiveness of the recommended measures in achieving improved health outcomes for populations experiencing health disparities will be evaluated. The success of lifestyle modification programs will be measured by the degree to which they motivate individuals to change their behavior (Brusco & Frawley, 2019). Participants’ attitudes about participating in lifestyle modification programs and maintaining the recommended lifestyle changes will serve as examples.

References

Brusco, K., & Frawley, C. (2019). Program evaluation within the research translation framework. Journal of Physiotherapy, 65(2), 63–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2019.02.010

Carey, M., Wright, T., Taler, J., & Whelton, K. (2021). Guideline-driven management of hypertension. Circulation Research, 128(7), 827–846. https://doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.121.318083

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2021). Objectives and Data – Healthy People 2030 | health.gov. Accessed on March 7^th from https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data