NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis
NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis – Step-by-Step Guide With Example Solution
The first step before starting to write the NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis is to understand the requirements of the assignment. The first step is to read the assignment prompt carefully to identify the topic, the length and format requirements. You should go through the rubric provided so that you can understand what is needed to score the maximum points for each part of the assignment.
It is also important to identify the paper’s audience and purpose, as this will help you determine the tone and style to use throughout. You can then create a timeline to help you complete each stage of the paper, such as conducting research, writing the paper, and revising it to avoid last-minute stress before the deadline. After identifying the formatting style to be applied to the paper, such as APA, review its use, including writing citations and referencing the resources used. You should also review the formatting requirements for the title page and headings in the paper, as outlined by Chamberlain University.
How to Research and Prepare for NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis
The next step in preparing for your paper is to conduct research and identify the best sources to use to support your arguments. Identify a list of keywords related to your topic using various combinations. The first step is to visit the Chamberlain University library and search through its database using the important keywords related to your topic. You can also find books, peer-reviewed articles, and credible sources for your topic from the Chamberlain University Library, PubMed, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. Ensure that you select the references that have been published in the last 5 years and go through each to check for credibility. Ensure that you obtain the references in the required format, such as APA, so that you can save time when creating the final reference list.
You can also group the references according to their themes that align with the outline of the paper. Go through each reference for its content and summarize the key concepts, arguments and findings for each source. You can write down your reflections on how each reference connects to the topic you are researching. After the above steps, you can develop a strong thesis that is clear, concise and arguable. Next, create a detailed outline of the paper to help you develop headings and subheadings for the content. Ensure that you plan what point will go into each paragraph.
How to Write the Introduction for NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis
The introduction of the paper is the most crucial part, as it helps provide the context of your work and determines whether the reader will be interested in reading through to the end. Begin with a hook, which will help capture the reader’s attention. You should contextualize the topic by offering the reader a concise overview of the topic you are writing about so that they may understand its importance. You should state what you aim to achieve with the paper. The last part of the introduction should be your thesis statement, which provides the main argument of the paper.
How to Write the Body for NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis
The body of the paper helps you to present your arguments and evidence to support your claims. You can use headings and subheadings developed in the paper’s outline to guide you on how to organize the body. Start each paragraph with a topic sentence to help the reader know what point you will be discussing in that paragraph. Support your claims using the evidence collected from the research, and ensure that you cite each source properly using in-text citations. You should analyze the evidence presented and explain its significance, as well as how it relates to the thesis statement. You should maintain a logical flow between paragraphs by using transition words and a flow of ideas.
How to Write the In-text Citations for NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis
In-text citations help readers give credit to the authors of the references they have used in their work. All ideas that have been borrowed from references, any statistics and direct quotes must be referenced properly. The name and date of publication of the paper should be included when writing an in-text citation. For example, in APA, after stating the information, you can put an in-text citation after the end of the sentence, such as (Smith, 2021). If you are quoting directly from a source, include the page number in the citation, for example (Smith, 2021, p. 15). Remember to also include a corresponding reference list at the end of your paper that provides full details of each source cited in your text. An example paragraph highlighting the use of in-text citations is as below:
“The integration of technology in nursing practice has significantly transformed patient care and improved health outcomes. According to Morelli et al. (2024), the use of electronic health records (EHRs) has streamlined communication among healthcare providers, allowing for more coordinated and efficient care delivery. Furthermore, Alawiye (2024) highlights that telehealth services have expanded access to care, particularly for patients in rural areas, thereby reducing barriers to treatment.”
How to Write the Conclusion for NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis
When writing the conclusion of the paper, start by restating your thesis, which helps remind the reader what your paper is about. Summarize the key points of the paper by restating them. Discuss the implications of your findings and your arguments. Conclude with a call to action that leaves a lasting impression on the reader or offers recommendations.
How to Format the Reference List for NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis
The reference helps provide the reader with the complete details of the sources you cited in the paper. The reference list should start with the title “References” on a new page. It should be aligned center and bolded. The references should be organized in an ascending order alphabetically, and each should have a hanging indent. If a source has no author, it should be alphabetized by the title of the work, ignoring any initial articles such as “A,” “An,” or “The.” If you have multiple works by the same author, list them in chronological order, starting with the earliest publication.
Each reference entry should include specific elements depending on the type of source. For books, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the book in italics, the edition (if applicable), and the publisher’s name. For journal articles, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the article (not italicized), the title of the journal in italics, the volume number in italics, the issue number in parentheses (if applicable), and the page range of the article. For online sources, include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) or the URL at the end of the reference. An example reference list is as follows:
References
Morelli, S., Daniele, C., D’Avenio, G., Grigioni, M., & Giansanti, D. (2024). Optimizing telehealth: Leveraging Key Performance Indicators for enhanced telehealth and digital healthcare outcomes (Telemechron Study). Healthcare, 12(13), 1319. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12131319
Alawiye, T. (2024). The impact of digital technology on healthcare delivery and patient outcomes. E-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks, 13, 13-22. 10.4236/etsn.2024.132002.
NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis Instructions
Purpose
The purpose of this assignment is to present a synthesis of evidence using the three articles you selected in Weeks 3, 4, and 5. The development of the Johns Hopkins Individual Evidence Summary Tool builds a body of evidence about a practice problem. Adding research studies to the Johns Hopkins Summary Tool builds the foundation for the synthesis of evidence for a practice change. Have a look at NR715 Week 6 Discussion | Translation Science Theories and Models.
Please note that this is the first part of a 2-part paper. You will receive feedback from your course faculty on this assignment. You will be required to use the feedback to revise this paper. In Week 7, you will add to this paper and submit as the Week 7 Assignment.
Instructions
Follow these guidelines when completing the assignment. Contact your course faculty if you have any questions.
Review the directions and complete the Johns Hopkins Individual Evidence Summary Tool. Use the 3 articles: 2 quantitative and 1 qualitative selected in Weeks 3, 4, and 5. These must be recent research articles less than 5 years old and be related to a National Practice Problem.
Link (Word doc): Johns Hopkins Individual Evidence Summary Tool.
Use the most current version of Microsoft Word that is the format for all Chamberlain University College of Nursing. You can tell the document is saved as the current version because it will end in \”docx.\”
All Chamberlain University policies related to plagiarism must be observed. This written assignment will be screened for originality by Turnitin.
Review the rubric for the grading criteria.
The assignment includes the following components:
Title Page
Introduction
Introduce the practice problem.
Discuss sources of research evidence identified in Weeks 3, 4, and 5.
Analysis of the Practice Problem (1-2 paragraphs)
Present the significance of the practice problem.
Present the prevalence of the practice problem from the selected articles.
Evidence Synthesis: Using the three articles (2 quantitative and 1 qualitative), write a synthesis of evidence to address the selected practice problem. In the synthesis of evidence include the following:
Identify the main themes, and salient evidence that emerge from the sources. (Cited)
Compare and contrast the main points from all sources. (Cited)
Present an objective overarching synthesis of research evidence about the practice problem. (Cited)
Appraisal of the Evidence to Address the Practice Problem: Include the following:
Identify the level of evidence.
Provide a quality rating of the evidence.
Appraise and support the suitability of the evidence to address the practice problem.
Conclusion
In one concise paragraph, provide a clear and logical conclusion summarizing the paper.
Summary Table: Complete all sections of the Summary Table of Evidence using the Johns Hopkins Individual Evidence Summary Tool. Include the following:
Two Quantitative Research Studies (selected in Weeks 3 & 4 Discussion)
One Qualitative Research Studies (selected in Week 5 Discussion)
Complete all sections completely and identify the quality and the levels of evidence.
Appendix A
Attach the completed Johns Hopkins Summary Tool as Appendix A.
Length: 5-7 pages (not including title page, reference page, or appendix)
1-inch margins
Double-spaced pages
12-point Times New Roman or 11-point Arial font
Headings & subheadings
In-text citations
Title page
Reference page
Standard English usage and mechanics
Course Outcomes
This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes:
Critically appraise literature for level and quality of evidence to support practice change. (POs 1, 3, 5, 6, 7)
Appraise global healthcare practice problems and DNP practice relevant to advanced nursing practice. (POs 1, 3, 9)
Due Date
By 11:59 p.m. MT on Sunday
Late Assignment Policy applies
NR715 Week 5 Assignment | Evidence Synthesis Example
Evidence Synthesis Paper
Evidence synthesis is the systematic process of identifying, selecting, and bringing together information from different sources to inform a particular topic or help make a decision on a specific issue. It is usually conducted in an unbiased manner to produce evidence that can be used to inform policy formulation and changes, practices, and identify research gaps. The focus of this paper is to provide evidence synthesis on the diabetes practice problem based on two recent quantitative and one qualitative research source. The level of evidence for the sources will also be identified.
Introduction of the National Practice Problem
The selected practice problem is diabetes. Diabetes has long been identified as a practice problem due to its high pressure on the healthcare system and different health populations. Diabetes is a group of chronic metabolic diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels due to problems with blood glucose regulation or low or no insulin production in the body. There are three types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes or Juvenile diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type, which occurs when the body is resistant to insulin or does not produce enough insulin. In type 1 diabetes, the body produces little to no insulin. Gestational diabetes is a rare type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and disappears after birth; however, people who get gestational diabetes are at a higher risk of type 2 diabetes later in life.
The number of new cases, diabetes prevalence, and complications have increased steadily over the past few decades. According to the World Health Organization (n.d.), about 422 million people globally have diabetes, mostly from low- and middle-income countries. About 1.5 million deaths are attributed to diabetes annually. In the US alone, more than 30 million people have diabetes, and many people do not know they have it. Additionally, it is the seventh leading cause of death and the most expensive condition to treat and manage (Healthy People 2030, n.d.).
Sources of Research Evidence
The qualitative article is “Challenges to Diabetes Self-Management for Adults with Type 2 diabetes in Low-Resource Settings in Mexico City: A Qualitative Descriptive Study” by Whittemore et al. (2019). The research in this article studied the perceptions of type 2 diabetes patients and care providers to identify the challenges patients from low-resource settings encounter in diabetes self-management. The challenges faced by type 2 diabetes patients in diabetes self-management, as found by this study, include inadequate social support and resources, difficulties in lifestyle modification, and mental health issues.
The first quantitative article is “Factors influencing Healthcare Providers’ attitude and willingness to use information technology in diabetes management” by Seboka, Yilma & Birhanu (2021). With the increasing use of healthcare technology, this study aims to understand the willingness and attitudes of care providers towards using information technology in managing diabetes patients. The findings are that care providers are willing and have a positive attitude toward using information technology to help diabetes patients.
The second quantitative article is “Diabetes and the Risk of Hospitalization for Infection: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study” by Fang et al. (2021). The study’s primary objective was to identify and assess the relationship between diabetes and the risk of infection-associated hospitalization and mortality. The study found that diabetes confers a higher risk for infection-related hospitalization.
Analysis of the Practice Problem
Diabetes is one of the significant practice problems globally, nationally, and locally. The most common type of diabetes is type 2 diabetes. Diabetes causes complications such as retinopathy and diabetic foot problems, leading to amputations, vision loss, and kidney problems. These complications primarily contribute to the increase in the cost of diabetes management and treatment. However, even managing diabetes without complications can be expensive.
The high cost is felt by both the patient and the healthcare system, as it necessitates adjustments to the patient’s lifestyle, the cost of healthcare technology, and the meeting of care needs for diabetes patients. Diabetes affects different populations disproportionately, and there are disparities in diabetes care access. Patients, especially those from low-resource settings, face myriad challenges in diabetes self-management. Diabetes is also a major cause of hospitalization and mortality.
Significance and Prevalence of the Practice Problem
Diabetes considerably affects the quality of life of patients. It not only increases the risk of other comorbidities and complications but also the risk of early death. More so, diabetes complications lead to life-threatening disabilities and conditions. Diabetes is also known to cause stroke, cardiovascular diseases, blindness, kidney failure, and lower limb amputation. Additionally, research shows a relationship between diabetes, hearing loss, and various forms of cancer (Abudawood, 2019). Furthermore, diabetes can cause stigma in the communities. Diabetes-related stigma negatively affects social relationships in the community, may lead to a poor attitude toward self-management, and therefore increases the risk of complications.
Diabetes also affects the patients’ mental health through diabetes-related distress, anxiety, and depression. As mentioned earlier, about 422 million people have diabetes. About 10.5% of the US population has diabetes, yet people living with diabetes do not know they have it. About 95% of the total diabetes cases are type 2 diabetes cases, mainly caused by excess weight and physical inactivity (WHO, n.d.). About 9 million people worldwide have type 1 diabetes, with a majority of them living in high-income countries.
Evidence Synthesis
The three selected articles can be used to adequately address the diabetes practice problem. The main themes of the first, second, and third articles are diabetes self-management and low-resource settings, diabetes management and healthcare technology, and diabetes and hospitalization risk, respectively. The three themes are essential aspects surrounding diabetes practice problems.
Given that there are disparities in diabetes, especially with type 2 diabetes, studying diabetes self-management in low-income settings helped understand how to address the practice problem since it is more prevalent in these settings. Healthcare technology, on the other hand, can facilitate the management of diabetes patients, thereby improving health outcomes for those with diabetes. Diabetes and its complications are significant causes of hospitalization; thus, the third article can contribute to addressing the problem.
The salient evidence emerging from these sources includes that addressing the challenges faced by diabetes patients in diabetes self-management can considerably improve the health outcomes and quality of life of diabetic patients. Additionally, healthcare providers should be trained regularly on the use of emerging diabetes healthcare technologies to facilitate effective diabetes management. Proper diabetes management reduces the risk of diabetes complications, thus reducing the risk of hospitalization following diabetes-related infections.
The sources share several commonalities and also exhibit differences. The three sources share a common major theme: diabetes management. All the sources share a similar aim: to understand diabetes management, thereby reducing complications, hospitalizations, and mortality rates. However, the first source focuses on the challenges patients face in diabetes self-management, the second examines the use of healthcare technology in diabetes management, and the third focuses on diabetes and the risk of hospitalization. Additionally, both the first and third sources’ findings emphasize the burden of diabetes on patients from low-income settings. On the contrary, the second source does not mention any populations, as its main focus is on the care providers.
The overall objective for the practice problem, as evident in the evidence presented in the sources, is that proper diabetes management, particularly self-management facilitated by healthcare technology, can help address diabetes by reducing complications and hospitalizations, thereby improving health outcomes and quality of life for diabetes patients.
Appraisal of the Evidence to Address the Practice Problem
The qualitative study presents the level of evidence 5, while the two quantitative studies present the level of evidence 3. Single-source qualitative or descriptive studies fall under the level of evidence 5, while quantitative experimental studies fall under the level of evidence 3. The evidence from these studies is reliable and valid. The methodologies used in the research are known to provide valid results. Moreover, understanding the practice problems identified in the articles can be used to improve diabetes management and thus help address the issue.
The quality rating of the evidence is level A, since the recommendations are based on sound, reliable and consistent scientific evidence. The evidence obtained from the above-discussed sources adequately addresses the practice problem. However, I believe that adequately addressing a practice problem such as diabetes requires consideration of disease prevention, rather than management and treatment alone. The sources of evidence discussed above did not mention how new cases of diabetes can be prevented, which is an essential factor in addressing the problem.
Conclusion
Diabetes is a significant health concern and a national public health problem. It is the costliest health condition to treat and manage. Research is used to inform evidence-based practice in diabetes treatment and management. The synthesis of evidence from the three research articles, including two quantitative and one qualitative article, presented above, can contribute to addressing the practice problem. The central theme of the evidence presented above is the management of diabetes patients. The quality of evidence is high since the evidence is justifiable, applicable, and reliable in addressing the practice problem.
References
Abudawood, M. (2019). Diabetes and cancer: a comprehensive review. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 24. https://doi.org/10.4103%2Fjrms.JRMS_242_19
Fang, M., Ishigami, J., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., Lutsey, P. L., Pankow, J. S., & Selvin, E. (2021). Diabetes and the risk of hospitalization for infection: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Diabetologia, 64(11), 2458-2465. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000710
Healthy People 2030. (n.d.). Diabetes, Overview, and Objectives. Retrieved from https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/diabetes
Seboka, B. T., Yilma, T. M., & Birhanu, A. Y. (2021). Factors influencing healthcare providers’ attitudes and willingness to use information technology in diabetes management. BMC Medical Informatics And Decision Making, 21(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-021-01398-w
The World Health Organization. (n.d.). Diabetes. https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1
Whittemore, R., Vilar-Compte, M., De La Cerda, S., Marron, D., Conover, R., Delvy, R., Lozano, A. M. & Pérez-Escamilla, R. (2019). Challenges to diabetes self-management for adults with type 2 diabetes in low-resource settings in Mexico City: a qualitative descriptive study. International Journal For Equity In Health, 18(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-019-1035-x
