NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment
NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment – Step-by-Step Guide
The first step before starting to write the NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment, it is essential to understand the requirements of the assignment. The first step is to read the assignment prompt carefully to identify the topic, the length and format requirements. You should go through the rubric provided so that you can understand what is needed to score the maximum points for each part of the assignment.
It is also important to identify the audience of the paper and its purpose so that it can help you determine the tone and style to use throughout. You can then create a timeline to help you complete each stage of the paper, such as conducting research, writing the paper, and revising it to avoid last-minute stress before the deadline. After identifying the formatting style to be applied to the paper, such as APA, you should review its use, such as writing citations and referencing the resources used. You should also review how to format the title page and the headings in the paper.
How to Research and Prepare for NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment
The next step in preparing for your paper is to conduct research and identify the best sources to use to support your arguments. Identify the list of keywords from your topic using different combinations. The first step is to visit the university library and search through its database using the important keywords related to your topic. You can also find books, peer-reviewed articles, and credible sources for your topic from PubMed, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. Ensure that you select the references that have been published in the last words and go through each to check for credibility. Ensure that you obtain the references in the required format, for example, in APA, so that you can save time when creating the final reference list.
You can also group the references according to their themes that align with the outline of the paper. Go through each reference for its content and summarize the key concepts, arguments and findings for each source. You can write down your reflections on how each reference connects to the topic you are researching about. After the above steps, you can develop a strong thesis that is clear, concise and arguable. Next you should create a detailed outline of the paper so that it can help you to create headings and subheadings to be used in the paper. Ensure that you plan what point will go into each paragraph.
How to Write the Introduction for NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment
The introduction of the paper is the most crucial part as it helps to provide the context of your work, and will determine if the reader will be interested to read through to the end. You should start with a hook, which will help capture the reader’s attention. You should contextualize the topic by offering the reader a concise overview of the topic you are writing about so that they may understand its importance. You should state what you aim to achieve with the paper. The last part of the introduction should be your thesis statement, which provides the main argument of the paper.
How to Write the Body for NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment
The body of the paper helps you to present your arguments and evidence to support your claims. You can use headings and subheadings developed in the paper’s outline to guide you on how to organize the body. Start each paragraph with a topic sentence to help the reader know what point you will be discussing in that paragraph. Support your claims using the evidence conducted from the research, ensure that you cite each source properly using in-text citations. You should analyze the evidence presented and explain its significance and how it connects to the thesis statement. You should maintain a logical flow between each paragraph by using transition words and a flow of ideas.
How to Write the In-text Citations for NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment
In-text citations help the reader to give credit to the authors of the references they have used in their works. All ideas that have been borrowed from references, any statistics and direct quotes must be referenced properly. The name and date of publication of the paper should be included when writing an in-text citation. For example, in APA, after stating the information, you can put an in-text citation after the end of the sentence, such as (Smith, 2021). If you are quoting directly from a source, include the page number in the citation, for example (Smith, 2021, p. 15). Remember to also include a corresponding reference list at the end of your paper that provides full details of each source cited in your text. An example paragraph highlighting the use of in-text citations is as below:
The integration of technology in nursing practice has significantly transformed patient care and improved health outcomes. According to Smith (2021), the use of electronic health records (EHRs) has streamlined communication among healthcare providers, allowing for more coordinated and efficient care delivery. Furthermore, Johnson and Brown (2020) highlight that telehealth services have expanded access to care, particularly for patients in rural areas, thereby reducing barriers to treatment.
How to Write the Conclusion for NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment
When writing the conclusion of the paper, start by restarting your thesis, which helps remind the reader what your paper is about. Summarize the key points of the paper, by restating them. Discuss the implications of your findings and your arguments. End with a call to action that leaves a lasting impact on the reader or recommendations.
How to Format the Reference List for NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment
The reference helps provide the reader with the complete details of the sources you cited in the paper. The reference list should start with the title “References” on a new page. It should be aligned center and bolded. The references should be organized in an ascending order alphabetically and each should have a hanging indent. If a source has no author, it should be alphabetized by the title of the work, ignoring any initial articles such as “A,” “An,” or “The.” If you have multiple works by the same author, list them in chronological order, starting with the earliest publication.
Each reference entry should include specific elements depending on the type of source. For books, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the book in italics, the edition (if applicable), and the publisher’s name. For journal articles, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the article (not italicized), the title of the journal in italics, the volume number in italics, the issue number in parentheses (if applicable), and the page range of the article. For online sources, include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) or the URL at the end of the reference. An example reference list is as follows:
References
Johnson, L. M., & Brown, R. T. (2020). The role of telehealth in improving patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 35(2), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000456
Smith, J. A. (2021). The impact of technology on nursing practice. Health Press.
NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment Instructions
Follow these guidelines. when completing each component of the assignment. Contact your course faculty if you have questions. Have a look at NR509 Week 1 Discussion: Social and Community Context.
General Instructions
Explore current literature and clinical practice guidelines to complete the clinical treatment protocol template.
- Complete the protocol outline template. To develop a protocol for asthma treatment. Use of the template is required. A 10% deduction will be applied if the template is not used. See the rubric.
- Provide references for your protocol at the bottom of the form where indicated. References should come from the following sources:
- Asthma Clinical Practice Guideline
- Course Textbook (for individual medication information)
- Journal Articles from within the last five years as defined by program expectations.
- Follow APA grammar, spelling, word usage, and punctuation rules consistent with formal, scholarly writing.
- No more than one short direct quote (15 words or less) may be used in this assignment.
- First person should not be used within this assignment.
- At least three scholarly references must be used for this assignment.
- Abide by Chamberlain University’s academic integrity policy.
Include the following sections (detailed criteria listed below and in the grading rubric).
Pharmacological Treatment
- Correctly complete all blanks for the preferred and alternative medication for each step of therapy noted in the CPG.
- List medications in order according to the CPG.
- List generic medication names for each category.
- Provide an in-text citation under the completed table.
Treatment Differences in Adults and Children
- Correctly list the first line of initial pharmacologic treatment in step one; track one for asthmatic adults. (7a on the form)
- Correctly list the first line of initial pharmacologic treatment in step one, track one for asthmatic children ages 6-11. (7b on the form)
- Correctly list drug dose, route, frequency, instructions, precautions, drug cost, and education for adult and pediatric clients.
- Provide in-text citations under the information for adults and pediatric clients.
Treatment Monitoring
- List the physical assessments required for monitoring the first-line medications prescribed to adults for track one, step one.
- List the pulmonary function tests required for monitoring the first-line medications prescribed to adults for track one, step one.
- List the laboratory tests required for monitoring the first-line medications prescribed to adults for track one, step one.
- Provide an in-text citation under the treatment monitoring section.
Treatment Failure
- Describe how you will know that treatment is not working or needs to progress.
- Describe the next step if treatment is not working or needs to progress.
- Describe the indicators that would demonstrate that the client requires a higher level of care.
- Provide an in-text citation under the treatment failure section.
Rosenthal, L., & Burchum, J. (2021). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants (2nd ed.). Elsevier. Coursework book.
NR565 ASTHMA PROTOCOL: INITIAL VISIT
Name:
General Instructions:
Carefully read the assignment guidelines and rubric and complete each section of the asthma protocol below.
- RATIONALE
- This protocol will assist in the differentiation between treatment needs for clients with asthma based on age and symptom frequency and severity, including the process for identification of clients in need of referral to pulmonology to improve asthma control. The design of the protocol for asthma encompasses these principles.
- SYMPTOMS
- ASTHMA
- History of respiratory symptoms that vary over time with varying intensity, including:
- Wheezing
- Shortness of breath
- Chest tightness
- Cough
- Triggers for exacerbation can include:
- Exercise
- Allergens
- Season changes
- Laughter
- Respiratory illness
- Presence of asthma phenotypes
- Client responses on the Asthma Control Test (ACT) or the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ)
- Reduced lung function and responsiveness with medications
- Reduced expiratory airflow (forced expiratory volume in one second, a.k.a. FEV1)
- Variable peak expiratory flow (PEF)
- History of respiratory symptoms that vary over time with varying intensity, including:
- ASTHMA
- PHYSICAL EXAM
- Perform the following examinations:
- Vital Signs (blood pressure, pulse, oxygenation, respiratory rate)
- Auscultation for wheezing
- Identify increased work of breathing
- Identify retractions
- Cardiac assessment
- Lower extremities for edema and pulses
- Neurological
- Consult supervising physician if findings of:
- Respiratory distress
- Perform the following examinations:
- LAB TESTS
- Depending on severity, can include:
- Arterial or venous blood gas
- ph
- O2
- CO2
- Bicarbonate
- Base excess
- CBC
- Hemoglobin and hematocrit
- WBC and eosinophils
- Total or specific IgE levels
- Consult supervising physician if:
- Abnormal blood gas results or severe anemia
- Arterial or venous blood gas
- Depending on severity, can include:
- PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS
- Forced expiratory volume in one second (a.k.a. FEV1)
- Peak expiratory flow (PEF)
- PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT
Asthma Treatment Algorithm:
To successfully treat asthma, you must first classify it and then be familiar with step therapy. For this assignment and in this course, we will focus on patients 12 years and older. Complete the blanks in the following table to create an algorithm for asthma care using your textbook as well as GINA guidelines linked in the assignment instructions.
NR565 Week 6 Respiratory Protocol Assignment Example
NR565 ASTHMA PROTOCOL: INITIAL VISIT
Name:
General Instructions:
Carefully read the assignment guidelines and rubric and complete each section of the asthma protocol below.
- RATIONALE
- This protocol will assist in the differentiation between treatment needs for clients with asthma based on age and symptom frequency and severity, including the process for identification of clients in need of referral to pulmonology to improve asthma control. The design of the protocol for asthma encompasses these principles.
- SYMPTOMS
- ASTHMA
- History of respiratory symptoms that vary over time with varying intensity, including:
- Wheezing
- Shortness of breath
- Chest tightness
- Cough
- Triggers for exacerbation can include:
- Exercise
- Allergens
- Season changes
- Laughter
- Respiratory illness
- Presence of asthma phenotypes
- Client responses on the Asthma Control Test (ACT) or the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ)
- Reduced lung function and responsiveness with medications
- Reduced expiratory airflow (forced expiratory volume in one second, a.k.a. FEV1)
- Variable peak expiratory flow (PEF)
- History of respiratory symptoms that vary over time with varying intensity, including:
- ASTHMA
- PHYSICAL EXAM
- Perform the following examinations:
- Vital Signs (blood pressure, pulse, oxygenation, respiratory rate)
- Auscultation for wheezing
- Identify increased work of breathing
- Identify retractions
- Cardiac assessment
- Lower extremities for edema and pulses
- Neurological
- Consult supervising physician if findings of:
- Respiratory distress
- Perform the following examinations:
- LAB TESTS
- Depending on severity, can include:
- Arterial or venous blood gas
- ph
- O2
- CO2
- Bicarbonate
- Base excess
- CBC
- Hemoglobin and hematocrit
- WBC and eosinophils
- Total or specific IgE levels
- Consult supervising physician if:
- Abnormal blood gas results or severe anemia
- Arterial or venous blood gas
- Depending on severity, can include:
- PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS
- Forced expiratory volume in one second (a.k.a. FEV1)
- Peak expiratory flow (PEF)
- PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT
Asthma Treatment Algorithm:
To successfully treat asthma, you must first classify it and then be familiar with step therapy. For this assignment and in this course, we will focus on patients 12 years and older. Complete the blanks in the following table to create an algorithm for asthma care using your textbook as well as GINA guidelines linked in the assignment instructions.
| What is a “reliever”? | |||||
| What is a “controller”? | A controller is a long-term asthma medication that reduces airway inflammation and prevents symptoms, helping to maintain stable lung function. | ||||
| Step | Asthma Classification | Asthma symptoms and frequency as noted in textbook | Controller and Preferred Reliever: (Drug Class and frequency if provided from GINA guidelines) | Controller and Alternative Reliever: (Drug Class and frequency if provided from GINA guidelines) | |
| Step 1 | Mild Intermittent Asthma | Daytime symptoms | Less than twice a month | Drug class: As-needed low-dose inhaled corticosteroid-formoterol Example Drug: Budesonide-formoterol Frequency: As needed for symptom relief. | Drug class: Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA). Example Drug: Albuterol Frequency: As needed for symptom relief. |
| Nighttime awakenings | May occur once or twice a month. | ||||
| Step 2 | Mild Persistent Asthma | Daytime symptoms | Twice a month or more, but less than daily. | Drug class: Leukotriene receptor antagonist Example Drug: Montelukast Frequency: Daily | |
| Nighttime awakenings | Once a week or more. | ||||
| Step 3 | Moderate Persistent Asthma | Daytime symptoms | Most days, or waking with symptoms once a week or more. | Drug class: Low-dose ICS-LABA combination therapy. Example Drug: Budesonide-formoterol or Fluticasone-salmeterol. Frequency: Twice daily. | Drug class: Medium-dose ICS or ICS-LTRA combination. Example Drug: Budesonide or Montelukast with ICS. Frequency: Daily or twice daily. |
| Nighttime awakenings | Once a week or more. | ||||
| Step 4-5 | Severe Persistent Asthma | Daytime symptoms | Daily with frequent night symptoms | Step 4: Drug class: Medium-dose ICS-LABA combination. Example Drug: Budesonide-formoterol or Fluticasone-salmeterol. Frequency: Twice daily. | Drug class: High-dose ICS or add-on therapies like LTRA. Example Drug: Fluticasone or Montelukast. Frequency: Twice daily or daily. |
| Nighttime awakenings | Frequent, impacting quality of life. | Step 5: Drug class: High-dose ICS-LABA and consider biologics for severe asthma. Example Drug: Fluticasone-salmeterol and Omalizumab Frequency: Daily Refer for: Specialist care and evaluation for biologic therapy. | No change. | ||
Citation (Provide (Author, year) and not full reference): (Calhoun & Chupp, 2022)
- TREATMENT DIFFERENCES IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
- 1st line initial pharmacological treatment in step one, track one asthmatic adult clients and no compelling contraindications/comorbidities are identified: (Choose a generic drug from the drug class you would like to prescribe as initial asthma treatment for adults)
i) Drug: Budesonide-formoterol (generic ICS-LABA combination).
ii) Dose: Budesonide 160 mcg/Formoterol 4.5 mcg per inhalation.
iii) Route: Inhalation.
iv) Frequency: One inhalation as needed for symptom relief, up to four times daily.
v) Instructions to provide patient: Shake the inhaler well before use. Inhale one puff deeply when symptoms occur or as directed by your provider. Rinse your mouth with water after each use to prevent oral thrush. Do not exceed the prescribed number of doses in one day.
vi) Caution/Precautions: Avoid use in patients with hypersensitivity to budesonide, formoterol, or other inhaler components. Use caution in patients with cardiovascular disorders, such as hypertension or arrhythmias. Monitor for potential side effects such as hoarseness, oral thrush, or jitteriness.
vii) Using a source such as GoodRX, what is an estimated cost of this drug for a 30-day supply? Approximately $35–$50 for a 30-day supply (generic version) using a GoodRX coupon.
viii) What client education is needed for this drug? Explain the difference between a controller medication (for prevention) and a reliever medication (for acute symptoms). Demonstrate proper inhaler technique, including shaking, inhaling, and breath-holding steps. Emphasize adherence to prescribed use and the importance of follow-up visits to monitor asthma control. Educate on potential side effects, including how to recognize and manage them (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021).
- 1st line initial pharmacological treatment in step one, track one pediatric clients (ages 6-11) and no compelling contraindications/comorbidities are identified: (Choose a generic drug from the drug class you would like to prescribe as initial asthma treatment for pediatric clients).
i) Drug: Budesonide-formoterol (generic ICS-LABA combination).
ii) Dose: Budesonide 80 mcg/Formoterol 4.5 mcg per inhalation.
iii) Route: Inhalation.
iv) Frequency: One inhalation as needed for symptom relief, up to two times daily.
v) Instructions to provide patient: Shake the inhaler well before use. Help the child take one puff when symptoms occur, ensuring they inhale deeply and hold their breath for a few seconds. Rinse the child’s mouth with water after each use to prevent oral thrush.
vi) Caution/Precautions: Avoid use in children with hypersensitivity to budesonide, formoterol, or other inhaler components. Use caution in children with known cardiac arrhythmias or other cardiovascular conditions. Monitor for side effects such as tremors, throat irritation, or oral thrush.
vii) Using a source such as GoodRX, what is an estimated cost of this drug for a 30-day supply? Approximately $35–$50 for a 30-day supply (generic version) using a GoodRX coupon.
viii) What client education is needed for this drug? Teach parents or caregivers the correct inhaler technique to assist the child during use. Emphasize that this medication is a reliever for immediate symptom control, not a preventative controller. Instruct on the importance of rinsing the mouth after use and monitoring for side effects. Encourage regular follow-up visits to evaluate asthma control (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021).
- TREATMENT MONITORING
- How long until a follow-up appointment should be done with the client?
A follow-up appointment should be scheduled in 4 weeks to assess asthma control and medication effectiveness.
- Monitoring needs for first-line medications prescribed to adults for track one, step one: (Include physical assessments, pulmonary function tests, and lab/diagnostics as applicable. If not applicable, enter N/A to show you find it not applicable.)
i) Physical assessments
Evaluate respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and presence of wheezing or retractions during breathing. Monitor for side effects such as tremors, increased heart rate, or oral thrush. Assess for any reported changes in symptom frequency or severity.
ii) Pulmonary function tests
Conduct spirometry to measure FEV1 and PEF if available, especially if symptoms persist or worsen. Reassess peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) as needed to monitor variability and response to medication.
iii) Labs
No labs are required for first-line treatment in track one, step one unless symptoms suggest an alternative condition requiring diagnostics.
Citation (Provide (Author, year) and not full reference): (Mosnaim, 2023)
- TREATMENT FAILURE
- How will you know if the treatment is not working or needs to progress?
Treatment is not working if the client continues to experience frequent symptoms, nighttime awakenings, increased use of a reliever medication, or a decline in pulmonary function as indicated by FEV1 or PEF measurements.
- What is the next step if treatment is not working or needs to progress?
The next step is to escalate to step two treatment, which may include daily low-dose ICS therapy or increasing the dose of ICS-formoterol, and reassess asthma control within 4 weeks.
- What indicators would demonstrate the client requires a higher level of care?
Indicators include persistent or worsening symptoms despite treatment escalation, frequent exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids, significant decline in pulmonary function, or severe symptoms such as respiratory distress or hypoxemia unresponsive to reliever medications.
Citation (Provide (Author, year) and not full reference): (Nannini, 2020).
References
Calhoun, W. J., & Chupp, G. L. (2022). The new era of add-on asthma treatments: Where do we stand? Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, 18(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-022-00676-0
Mosnaim, G. (2023). Asthma in adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 389(11), 1023-1031. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp2304871
Nannini, L. J. (2020). Treat to target approach for asthma. Journal of Asthma, 57(6), 687-690. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2019.1591443
Rosenthal, L., & Burchum, J. (2021). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants (2nd ed.). Elsevier.
