NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews – Step-by-Step Guide

The first step before starting to write the NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews, it is essential to understand the requirements of the assignment. The first step is to read the assignment prompt carefully to identify the topic, the length and format requirements. You should go through the rubric provided so that you can understand what is needed to score the maximum points for each part of the assignment. 

It is also important to identify the audience of the paper and its purpose so that it can help you determine the tone and style to use throughout. You can then create a timeline to help you complete each stage of the paper, such as conducting research, writing the paper, and revising it to avoid last-minute stress before the deadline. After identifying the formatting style to be applied to the paper, such as APA, you should review its use, such as writing citations and referencing the resources used. You should also review how to format the title page and the headings in the paper.

How to Research and Prepare for NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

The next step in preparing for your paper is to conduct research and identify the best sources to use to support your arguments. Identify the list of keywords from your topic using different combinations. The first step is to visit the university library and search through its database using the important keywords related to your topic. You can also find books, peer-reviewed articles, and credible sources for your topic from PubMed, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. Ensure that you select the references that have been published in the last words and go through each to check for credibility. Ensure that you obtain the references in the required format, for example, in APA, so that you can save time when creating the final reference list. 

You can also group the references according to their themes that align with the outline of the paper. Go through each reference for its content and summarize the key concepts, arguments and findings for each source. You can write down your reflections on how each reference connects to the topic you are researching about. After the above steps, you can develop a strong thesis that is clear, concise and arguable. Next you should create a detailed outline of the paper so that it can help you to create headings and subheadings to be used in the paper. Ensure that you plan what point will go into each paragraph.

How to Write the Introduction for NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

The introduction of the paper is the most crucial part as it helps to provide the context of your work, and will determine if the reader will be interested to read through to the end. You should start with a hook, which will help capture the reader’s attention. You should contextualize the topic by offering the reader a concise overview of the topic you are writing about so that they may understand its importance. You should state what you aim to achieve with the paper. The last part of the introduction should be your thesis statement, which provides the main argument of the paper.

How to Write the Body for NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

The body of the paper helps you to present your arguments and evidence to support your claims. You can use headings and subheadings developed in the paper’s outline to guide you on how to organize the body. Start each paragraph with a topic sentence to help the reader know what point you will be discussing in that paragraph. Support your claims using the evidence conducted from the research, ensure that you cite each source properly using in-text citations. You should analyze the evidence presented and explain its significance and how it connects to the thesis statement. You should maintain a logical flow between each paragraph by using transition words and a flow of ideas.

How to Write the In-text Citations for NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

In-text citations help the reader to give credit to the authors of the references they have used in their works. All ideas that have been borrowed from references, any statistics and direct quotes must be referenced properly. The name and date of publication of the paper should be included when writing an in-text citation. For example, in APA, after stating the information, you can put an in-text citation after the end of the sentence, such as (Smith, 2021). If you are quoting directly from a source, include the page number in the citation, for example (Smith, 2021, p. 15). Remember to also include a corresponding reference list at the end of your paper that provides full details of each source cited in your text. An example paragraph highlighting the use of in-text citations is as below:

The integration of technology in nursing practice has significantly transformed patient care and improved health outcomes. According to Smith (2021), the use of electronic health records (EHRs) has streamlined communication among healthcare providers, allowing for more coordinated and efficient care delivery. Furthermore, Johnson and Brown (2020) highlight that telehealth services have expanded access to care, particularly for patients in rural areas, thereby reducing barriers to treatment.

How to Write the Conclusion for NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

When writing the conclusion of the paper, start by restarting your thesis, which helps remind the reader what your paper is about. Summarize the key points of the paper, by restating them. Discuss the implications of your findings and your arguments. End with a call to action that leaves a lasting impact on the reader or recommendations.

How to Format the Reference List for NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

The reference helps provide the reader with the complete details of the sources you cited in the paper. The reference list should start with the title “References” on a new page. It should be aligned center and bolded, in sentence sentence care. The references should be organized in an ascending order alphabetically and each should have a hanging indent. If a source has no author, it should be alphabetized by the title of the work, ignoring any initial articles such as “A,” “An,” or “The.” If you have multiple works by the same author, list them in chronological order, starting with the earliest publication. 

Each reference entry should include specific elements depending on the type of source. For books, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the book in italics, the edition (if applicable), and the publisher’s name. For journal articles, include the author’s last name, first initial, publication year in parentheses, the title of the article (not italicized), the title of the journal in italics, the volume number in italics, the issue number in parentheses (if applicable), and the page range of the article. For online sources, include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) or the URL at the end of the reference. An example reference list is as follows:

References

Johnson, L. M., & Brown, R. T. (2020). The role of telehealth in improving patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 35(2), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000456

Smith, J. A. (2021). The impact of technology on nursing practice. Health Press.

NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews Instructions

Your quest to purchase a new car begins with an identification of the factors important to you. As you conduct a search of cars that rate high on those factors, you collect evidence and try to understand the extent of that evidence. A report that suggests a certain make and model of automobile has high mileage is encouraging. But who produced that report? How valid is it? How was the data collected, and what was the sample size?

In this Assignment, you will delve deeper into clinical inquiry by closely examining your PICO(T) question. You also begin to analyze the evidence you have collected. Have a look at NURS 6052 Evidence-Based Project Part 3: Critical Appraisal Of Research.

To Prepare:

Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry.

Develop a PICO(T) question to address the clinical issue of interest you identified in Module 2 for the Assignment. This PICOT question will remain the same for the entire course.

Use the key words from the PICO(T) question you developed and search at least four different databases in the Walden Library. Identify at least four relevant systematic reviews or other filtered high-level evidence, which includes meta-analyses, critically-appraised topics (evidence syntheses), critically-appraised individual articles (article synopses). The evidence will not necessarily address all the elements of your PICO(T) question, so select the most important concepts to search and find the best evidence available.

Reflect on the process of creating a PICO(T) question and searching for peer-reviewed research.

The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)

Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

Create a 5- to 6-slide PowerPoint presentation in which you do the following:

Identify and briefly describe your chosen clinical issue of interest.

Describe how you developed a PICO(T) question focused on your chosen clinical issue of interest.

Identify the four research databases that you used to conduct your search for the peer-reviewed articles you selected.

Provide APA citations of the four relevant peer-reviewed articles at the systematic-reviews level related to your research question. If there are no systematic review level articles or meta-analysis on your topic, then use the highest level of evidence peer reviewed article.

Describe the levels of evidence in each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, including an explanation of the strengths of using systematic reviews for clinical research.

Be specific and provide examples.

NURS 6052 Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews Example

Presentation Objectives

Hello, and welcome to today’s presentation. The presentation will focus on developing a PICOT question from a selected clinical issue. The clinical issue of interest is infection control and prevention and patient safety. Additionally, the research databases used to select peer-reviewed sources will be added. The identified research resources to support the clinical issue will also be presented alongside their levels of evidence.

Clinical Issue of Interest

The selected issue of interest is infection control and patient safety. Infections pose a significant issue to patient safety. However, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (n.d.) notes that healthcare or hospital-acquired infections are common in all healthcare settings. All hospitalized patients are susceptible to infections despite some populations being at a higher risk of infection than others. According to Garcia et al. (2022), examples of high-risk populations with hospital-acquired infections include patients with compromised immune systems, children, and the elderly. Therefore, infection control is essential in care practice to enhance patient safety and improve an institution’s quality of care services.

PICOT Question

The PICOT question was developed based on the clinical issue of interest. The population is healthcare workers. Healthcare workers are at the frontline in preventing infections in hospitals and controlling the rate of hospital-acquired infections. The intervention identified is using ICAR tools for infection control, which will be compared with routine infection control and prevention measures such as hand washing. ICAR is an infection control and prevention tool developed by the CDC. The expected outcome is reducing hospital-acquired infections, and the timeline for implementing the intervention is four weeks.

Research Databases Used

I used the google scholar search engine to locate the peer-reviewed systematic review articles that I would use to support the clinical issue of interest. Using the search engine, I used four reputable medicine and nursing databases. These databases included Medline, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, and Elsevier health sciences. The databases are reputable since they provide various medical and nursing-related published content, including academic journals and e-books. In addition, all the databases provide authoritative literature due to the special focus on nursing and Medicine.

Systematic Reviews/Meta-Analysis Sources Synthesis

The first systematic review (Wang et al., 2019) analyzes the effectiveness of infection prevention and control tools, such as the ICAR, as seen in different published articles related to infection control and prevention. Ray-Barruel et al. (2019) reviewed the effectiveness of a common infection control bundle in preventing CAUTIs, a common healthcare-associated infection. The other two selected sources emphasized the role of healthcare workers in infection prevention and control and compared the use of routine infection control measures (Abubakar et al., 2021; Vaismoradi et al., 2020). The four selected sources support the research question since they provided information on the focus population, intervention, and comparison.

Levels of Evidence

 The selected research articles are systematic reviews. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are usually the highest levels of research evidence since they incorporate different studies. All selected research articles are systematic reviews, thus appraised at the level I evidence. There are different strengths of using systematic reviews. These strengths include comprehensive, using explicit methodologies to scrutinize and narrow down to the most relevant sources.

For example, a systematic review develops inclusion and exclusion criteria to select and narrow sources to the most relevant. Additionally, systematic reviews are specific and are most likely to produce accurate results that assist in clinical decision-making. Due to the use of different sources, systematic reviews are comprehensive.

References

uAbubakar, S., Boehnke, J. R., Burnett, E., & Smith, K. (2021). Examining instruments used to measure knowledge of catheter-associated urinary tract infection prevention in health care workers: A systematic review. American Journal of Infection Control, 49(2), 255-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.07.025 

uCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (n.d.) Infection Control Assessment and Response (ICAR) Tool for General Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Across Settings https://www.cdc.gov/hai/prevent/infection-control-assessment-tools.html

uGarcía, A. M., Cross, J. H., Fitchett, E. J. A., Kawaza, K., Okomo, U., Spotswood, N. E., Chiume, M., Ezeaka, V. C., Irimu, G., Salim, N., Molyneux, E. M., Lawn, J. E., & with the NEST360 Infection Prevention, Detection and Care Collaborative Group (2022). Infection prevention and care bundles addressing healthcare-associated infections in neonatal care in low-middle income countries: a scoping review. EClinicalMedicine, 44, 101259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101259

uRay-Barruel, G., Xu, H., Marsh, N., Cooke, M., & Rickard, C. M. (2019). Effectiveness of insertion and maintenance bundles in preventing peripheral intravenous catheter-related complications and bloodstream infection in hospital patients: a systematic review. Infection, disease & health, 24(3), 152-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2019.03.001

uVaismoradi, M., Tella, S., A. Logan, P., Khakurel, J., & Vizcaya-Moreno, F. (2020). Nurses’ adherence to patient safety principles: A systematic review. International Journal of environmental research and public health, 17(6), 2028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062028

uWang, J., Liu, F., Tan, J. B. X., Harbarth, S., Pittet, D., & Zingg, W. (2019). Implementing infection prevention and control in acute care hospitals in Mainland China–a systematic review. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 8, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-019-0481-y